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“加以”搭配,比如,我們可以說(shuō)“加以研究”,但不能說(shuō)“加以商量’。因此譯者必須注意搭配習(xí)慣問(wèn)題。以下句中的被動(dòng)式均可用“加以”:
Principles mean very little unless they are acted up.原則如果不加以實(shí)行就沒(méi)有什么愈義了。The subject will further be dealt with in Chapter X of thisb。。k.本書第十幸將對(duì)這一問(wèn)龍進(jìn)一步加以探討。It is no use merely mentioning the fact in passing; it needs to bedriven home by emphasis and repetition.將這一奉實(shí)一帶而過(guò)是無(wú)濟(jì)于事的。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)、重復(fù),充分地加以說(shuō)明。Mistakes must not be covered up. They must be exposed beforeyou can correct them.錯(cuò)誤不應(yīng)當(dāng)加以掩飾,而必須加以揭寬,才能得以改正。川ness must be correctly diagnosed before they can be treatedwith medicine.疾病必須先有正確診斷,才能用藥物加以治療。
一般說(shuō)來(lái),作出第一種決定比較容易;作出第二種決定則困難得多。
Why should all the unpleasant jobs be pushed on to me?為什么總把這些麻煩李推給我呢?A job such as that is not one that should加thrown up withoutserious thought.這么一份好差事可不能等閑視之啊。漢語(yǔ)中主動(dòng)式無(wú)主句一般都是主語(yǔ)概念很泛或難以確定(如上列例句中的前四個(gè)),所以省略了主語(yǔ)。如果要避免無(wú)主語(yǔ),也可以用一個(gè)很泛的主語(yǔ),如“有人”、“人們”等等。如:Shakespeare andScott were read to me t前,就有人將莎士比亞和斯各特的作品讀給我聽。)很多英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)式還可以譯成漢語(yǔ)帶句首成分(大多是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、關(guān)涉、讓步等等的狀語(yǔ))的無(wú)主句。這時(shí)的句首成分,如果與句子的主干不分開(無(wú)逗號(hào)),在語(yǔ)感上處于主語(yǔ)位,就叫做“話題主語(yǔ)”:A telephone was fitted up in the pavilion.事子里裝7一部電話。
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