學(xué)會(huì)“翻譯十二式”讓自己成為翻譯高手

日期：2010-06-21 | 閱讀：

(一) 同義反譯法例子： 1. Only three customers remained in the bar. 酒吧間只有三個(gè)顧客還沒(méi)有走。(不譯：「還留著」或「還呆在那里」) 2. I'll be here for good this time. 這一次我再也不走了。(不譯

(一) 同義反譯法
例子：
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
酒吧間只有三個(gè)顧客還沒(méi)有走。(不譯：「還留著」或「還呆在那里」)
2. I'll be here for good this time.
這一次我再也不走了。(不譯：「永遠(yuǎn)在此呆下去」)
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
我不在家的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)別讓爐子滅了。(不譯：「我外出時(shí)，請(qǐng)讓爐子繼續(xù)燒著」)
4. "Wait, he is serious."
「等等，他不是說(shuō)著玩兒的?！?不譯：「等等，他是認(rèn)真的。」)
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
「聽(tīng)我說(shuō)，克拉拉，對(duì)這孩子可不能心軟。」(不譯：「......對(duì)這孩子要堅(jiān)定」)

(二) 刪減解釋詞
例子：
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of
refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a
particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
到南方去的人看見(jiàn)那些黑白混血的女郎，準(zhǔn)定會(huì)注意到她們十之八九都賦有那種獨(dú)特的優(yōu)雅風(fēng)度、那種柔和的聲調(diào)和文靜的舉止。

(三) 短句拆譯
例子：
" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."
「在六月里的一天早上，天氣晴朗，......」

(四) 譯詞推陳出新
例子：
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with
doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a
lower.
原譯：當(dāng)他可以大膽行動(dòng)的時(shí)候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己除了一個(gè)情人所具有的那種普通的害怕之外，心里還充滿懷疑、顧慮和躊躇。
改譯：等到他不妨放膽去追求的時(shí)候，他卻遲疑不定，顧慮重重。至于一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人那種種常有的提心吊膽的心理，那就更是難免的了。
原詞原譯改譯

when當(dāng)......的時(shí)候等到......的時(shí)候

act with boldness大膽行動(dòng)放膽去追求

a lover一個(gè)情人一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人

ordinary fears普通的害怕種種常有的提心吊膽的心理

in addition to除了......之外那就更是難免的了

(五) 解釋性添詞
例子：
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have
done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I
never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet
and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
「喬治，我真替你害臊﹗喬治，想不到你會(huì)干出這種事情來(lái)﹗俗話說(shuō)得好：『滾著的碌碡不長(zhǎng)苔，流浪的漢子不攢財(cái)?！晃以鐣缘媚憔褪沁@么一個(gè)流浪漢﹗可真沒(méi)有想到你連貝格納特和孩子們靠它過(guò)活的那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)財(cái)也騙走，」貝格納特太太說(shuō)道。

(六) 詞無(wú)定譯
例子：
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or
civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later,
he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous
conditions.
我們根本不必追問(wèn)政府是否根據(jù)刑法或民法對(duì)范德比爾特提出起訴。范德比爾特不僅逍遙法外，而且在兩年后又以極其兇狠的手段對(duì)政府進(jìn)行弓一次巨大的詐騙。

(七) 精煉譯詞
例子：
A new dignity crept into his walk.
原譯：走路的姿態(tài)不知甚么時(shí)候開(kāi)始給人一種莊重的印象。
改譯：走起路來(lái)，不覺(jué)平添了幾分尊嚴(yán)。

(八) 刪削"When"字
例子
1. When he saw me, he was startled.
他看見(jiàn)我，嚇了一大跳，(不譯：當(dāng)他看見(jiàn)我的時(shí)候，......)
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the
head, and knocking on them round?"
「你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心，你還拿鞭子沒(méi)頭沒(méi)腦的抽，把她們打得死去活來(lái)，那有甚么用呢？」(不譯：當(dāng)你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心的時(shí)候，你還拿鞭子......)

(九) 感嘆詞的不同譯法
例子：
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want
them!"
"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
「嗐，媽媽，別這樣﹗我喜歡這些花，把花給我吧，我要﹗」
「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都滿了。」
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
「喲，真是怪事﹗」瑪利說(shuō)，「你干嘛非要這個(gè)不可？」
3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")
"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to
keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader,
jocularly; ...
"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy
interval of silence.
(「......哈利，你要是有良心的話?！?
「得，干這行當(dāng)兒的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心--瞧，我的良心就這么一丁點(diǎn)兒，夠拿出來(lái)起誓就得，」奴隸販子開(kāi)著玩笑說(shuō)；......
「那好，哈利，這樁買賣你打算怎么個(gè)做法？」謝爾比先生在一陣令人發(fā)窘的沉默之后問(wèn)道。

(十) 順拆法
例子：
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue
working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic,
social and demographic factors.
原譯：他的代表團(tuán)同意執(zhí)行主任關(guān)于該基金會(huì)應(yīng)繼續(xù)為更好地了解經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和人口的相互關(guān)系而努力的意見(jiàn)。
改譯：他的代表團(tuán)同意執(zhí)行主任的意見(jiàn)，/認(rèn)為該基金會(huì)應(yīng)繼續(xù)努力，/以求更好地了解經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和人口這三方面的相互關(guān)系。

(十一) 倒拆法
例子：
To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute /
for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his
supposed conditon.
要是一個(gè)英國(guó)女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么爛醉，/她就會(huì)對(duì)他又惱怒，又厭惡，/而挪拉對(duì)他卻又同情又寬容，/他在這中間看出了一點(diǎn)神圣的質(zhì)量。

(十二) 抽詞拆句法
例子：
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the
eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of
growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.
從邊境到北京，一路上沿鐵路線極目縱觀，但見(jiàn)農(nóng)村到處是茁壯的莊稼，彷佛鋪上一塊綠地毯，這說(shuō)明豐收在望了。