合同術(shù)語(Contract Glossary)

日期：2010-06-11 | 閱讀：

（1999年3月15日第九屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議通過） (Adopted and Promulgated by the Second Session of the Ninth National Peoples Congress on March 15, 1999.) 目錄 Contents 總則 General Provisions 第一章一般

（1999年3月15日第九屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議通過）
(Adopted and Promulgated by the Second Session of the Ninth National People’s Congress on March 15, 1999.)

目錄 Contents

總　　則                 General Provisions
第一章　一般規(guī)定         Chapter One: General Provisions
第二章　合同的訂立       Chapter Two: Formation of Contracts
第三章　合同的效力       Chapter Three: Validity of Contracts
第四章　合同的履行        Chapter Four: Performance of Contracts
第五章　合同的變更和轉(zhuǎn)讓 Chapter Five: Amendment and Assignment of Contracts
第六章　合同的權(quán)利義務終止 Chapter Six: Discharge of Contractual Rights and Obligations
第七章　違約責任           Chapter Seven: Liabilities for Breach of Contracts
第八章　其他規(guī)定         Chapter Eight: Other Provisions
分　　則                Specific Provisions
第九章　買賣合同            Chapter Nine: Sales Contracts
第十章　供用電、水、氣、熱力合同Chapter Ten: Contracts for Supply of Power, Water, Gas , Or Heat
第十一章　贈與合同   Chapter Eleven: Gift Contracts
第十二章　借款合同 Chapter Twelve: Contracts for Loan of Money
第十三章　租賃合同 Chapter Thirteen: Leasing Contracts
第十四章　融資租賃合同 Chapter Fourteen: Financial Leasing Contracts
第十五章　承攬合同    Chapter Fifteen: Contracts of Hired Works
第十六章　建設工程合同 Chapter Sixteen: Contracts for Construction Projects
第十七章　運輸合同 Chapter Seventeen: Carriage Contracts
第十八章　技術(shù)合同 Chapter Eighteen: Technology Contracts
第十九章　保管合同 Chapter Nineteen: Safekeeping Contracts
第二十章　倉儲合同 Chapter Twenty: Warehousing Contracts
第二十一章　委托合同 Chapter Twenty One: Agency Appointment Contracts
第二十二章　行紀合同 Chapter Twenty Two: Contracts for Brokerage
第二十三章　居間合同 Chapter Twenty Three: Contracts for Intermediation
附　　則           Supplementary Provision制定(法律) Formulate
合同當事人 Contract parties
適用 Apply
保護合同當事人的合法權(quán)益，維護社會經(jīng)濟秩序，促進社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設
Protect the lawful rights and interests of contract parties, safeguard social and economic order, and promote socialist modernization
平等主體的自然人、法人、其他組織
Natural persons, legal persons or other organizations with equal standing (footing)
把意志強加給某人impose will on somebody
訂立合同to enter into a contract
遵循公平原則 abide by the principle of fairness
行使權(quán)利 exercise rights
履行義務perform obligations
遵循誠實信用原則abide by the principle of good faith
尊重社會公德 observe social ethics
民事權(quán)利能力和民事行為能力capacities for civil rights and civil acts
委托代理人appoint an agent
擅自變更或者解除合同 arbitrarily amend or terminate the contract.
對當事人具有法律約束力 be legally binding on the parties
合同形式Forms of Contract
合同書memorandum of contract
可以有形地表現(xiàn)所載內(nèi)容的形式Be capable of expressing its contents in a tangible form
由當事人約定　Be agreed upon by the parties
條款　clauses
標的　subject matter／contract object
價款或者報酬price or remuneration
履行期限、地點和方式time limit, place and method of performance
違約責任liability for breach of contract
解決爭議的方法method of dispute resolution
參照　by reference to
要約　offer
要約人　offeror
受要人　offeree
視為　be deemed as
撤回　withdraw
撤銷 revoke
不可撤銷的要約Irrevocable Offer
生效 become effective/come into force/go into effect/take effect
按照其規(guī)定 the provisions thereof shall be followed
附生條件 collateral conditions
附期限 conditional time period
終止期限 termination time period
自期限屆滿時生效 become invalid when the period expires
催告 urge
限制民事行為能力 limited civil capability of conduct
追認 ratify
法定代理人 statutory agent
善意相對人 bona fide counterpart
行為人 actor
被代理人 principal
有下列情形之一的，合同無效
A contract shall be null and void under any of the following circumstances
惡意串通 malicious collusion
強制性規(guī)定 compulsory provisions
免責條款 immunity clauses
人身傷害 personal injury
變更 modify (n. modification)
撤消 revoke (n. revocation) cancel (n. cancellation)
消滅 extinguish
放棄權(quán)力 renounce/waive the right
法律約束力 legally binding force
效力 validity
折價補償 be reimbursed at its estimated price
過錯的一方應當賠償對方因此所受到的損失
The party at fault shall compensate the other party for losses incurred as a result therefrom.
按照約定 according to the terms of the contract
或者約定不明確的 or such agreement is unclear
依照本法第六十一條的規(guī)定仍不能確定的
Nor can it be determined according to the provisions of Article 61 of this Law
債權(quán)人 obligee/creditor
債務人 obligor/debtor
承擔費用 bear expenses/assume cost
標的物 object 或 subject matter
第三方 the third party/person
中止履行 suspend performance
確切證據(jù) conclusive evidence
將標的物提存 place the subject matter in escrow   或 have the object deposited
怠于行使 indolent in exercising
代位 subrogation
請求 petition/request
受讓人 transferee/assignee
讓與人 transferor/assignor
但有下列情形之一的除外 except for the following circumstances
抗辯 claim demur
承擔連帶責任assume obligations jointly and severally
終止 terminate/discharge
債務相互抵銷 the debts have been offset against each other
不可抗拒力 force majeure

免除 release/exempt
交易習慣 transaction practices
解除 rescind (n. rescission)
規(guī)定 stipulate (n. stipulation)
補救措施 remedial measures
受領(lǐng)take delivery of or accept
孳息 fruits
《中華人民共和國消費者權(quán)益保護法》Law of the People’s Republic of China on Protection of Consumer Rights
仲裁機構(gòu) arbitration institution
違約金 liquidated damages/damages for breach of contract
定金 deposit
不能免除責任 insurmountable
受損害方the aggrieved party
侵害 infringe upon
依法追究刑事責任criminal liability/responsibility shall be imposed/investigated in accordance with the law
和解或者調(diào)解 conciliation or mediation
標的物的所有權(quán)title to the subject matter / the ownership of an object
效力 authenticity
處分 dispose
單證 document
出賣人 seller
買受人   buyer
標的物的從物ancillary component (principal part) of the subject matter (object)
主物 principal part / main components
有償合同 non-gratuitous contract
參照買賣合同的有關(guān)規(guī)定
1) reference shall be made to the relevant provisions governing sales contracts
2) the relevant provisions on sales contracts shall be applied mutatis mutandis
贈與人 donor/donator
受贈人 donee
重大過失 gross fault/negligence
借款人 borrower
貸款人 lender
到期 at the prescribed time    or   when it becomes due
本金 principal
逾期利息 delayed repayment interest or overdue interest
可以展期 may be extended
出租人 lessor
承阻人lessee
不定期租賃non-term lease or   unfixed lease
租賃物 leased property
承攬人/承包人 contractor/hiree
定作人 ordering party/hirer
發(fā)包人 contract letting party/developer
約定的 prescribed/ordered
承運人 carrier
托運人 shipper/consignor
收貨人 consignee
多式聯(lián)運經(jīng)營人multi-modal carriage operator
運輸區(qū)段 Segment/section of transportation
加速 expedite/accelerate
推廣 dissemination
產(chǎn)生 accrue/generate
使用費licensing fee or   royalties
專利申請人和專利權(quán)人patent applicant and the patentee
一次總付 lump-sum payment
一次總算 overall/one-time calculation
分期支付installment payment
提成支付 royalty/proportionate payment
提成支付附加預付入門費royalty payment plus advance payment of entrance/initial fee
會計帳目 accounting books
職務技術(shù)成果 employee-developed technology or job-related technological achievement
妨礙技術(shù)進步 (impede) impairs technological advance
委托開發(fā)合同和合作開發(fā)合同
commissioned development contracts and cooperative development contracts.
技術(shù)開發(fā)合同應當采用書面形式
A technology development contract shall be in writing (written form).
委托人 commissioning party
專利權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓、專利申請權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓、技術(shù)秘密轉(zhuǎn)讓、專利實施許可合同
contracts for the assignment of patent, assignment of patent application right, transfer of technical secrets, and patent licensing
or
contracts for patent transfer, contracts on transfer of the right to apply for a patent, contracts on transfer of know-how and contracts on the licensing of patent exploitation
專利的實施 exploitation of the patent
后續(xù)改進 subsequent/follow-up improvement
技術(shù)秘密 technical secret or   know-how
提供可行性論證、技術(shù)預測、專題技術(shù)調(diào)查、分析評價報告等合同 contracts for provision of feasibility studies, technical forecast, specialized technical investigation, and analysis and evaluation report
保管人safekeeping party / depositary
寄存人/存貨人storing party   / depositor
擅自改變 unilaterally change / change without authorization,
領(lǐng)取保管物retrieve the deposit / claim and get back the stored article
屆滿 on the expiry of / at the end of
原物 original article/item
保管人對保管物享有留置權(quán)
the depositary is entitled to a possessory lien on the deposit
or
the safekeeping party is entitled to lien on the stored article
depositor / storing party
易燃、易爆、有毒、有腐蝕性、有放射性等危險物品
hazardous material which is inflammable, explosive, toxic, corrosive, or radioactive
易變質(zhì)物品 perishable articles
倉單 warehouse receipt/voucher
包括下列事項
set forth the following     or     contain the following items
提取倉儲物 retrieve/transfer warehousing goods
背書 endorse入庫倉儲物warehoused goods
必要的處置 necessary disposal
委托人和受托人the principal（trustor）and the agent
特別委托specifically appoint/entrust
委托事務entrusted affair/matter
以....... 的名義   in one’s name
超越權(quán)限 be ultra vires   or   bey ond the scope of authorization
清算組織liquidation team/group
行紀人 broker/trustee-trader
除委托人有相反的意思表示的以外
unless the trustor has otherwise manifested its intention
or
unless the principal expresses appositely
逾期不支付報酬
fails to pay remuneration in due time
fails to pay the remuneration within the prescribed period
本章沒有規(guī)定的，適用委托合同的有關(guān)規(guī)定。
A matter not provided for in this Chapter shall be governed by the relevant provision applicable to agency appointment contracts.
or
Matters not addressed in this Chapter shall apply the relevant provisions governing commission contracts.
居間人 intermediator
委托人 principal/client
媒介服務 intermediate/intermediary service
廢止 repeal/invalidate
購貨合同 purchase contract　　
銷售合同 sales contract
購貨確認書 purchase confirmation
銷售確認書 sales confirmation 　　　　　
一般交易條件 general terms and conditions
以未售出為準 subject to prior sale
需經(jīng)賣方確認 subject to seller’s confirmation
有效期限 time of validity 　
合同，訂立合同 contract
訂約人，承包人contractor
合同的，契約的 contractual
簽訂合同 to make a contract
訂合同to place a contract
簽合同to sign a contract
擬訂合同 to draw up a contract
起草合同to draft a contract
得到合同 to get a contract
得到（擁有）合同 to land a contract
會簽合同 to countersign a contract
重復合同to repeat a contract
尚待執(zhí)行的合同 an executory contract
一個很有利的合同 a nice fat contract
合同正本originals of the contract
合同副本copies of the contract
書面合同a written contract
做某些讓步 to make some concession
及時in due time
按照 subject to
格式條款Standard Terms
無效　be null and void
承擔損害賠償責任be liable for damages
違背　Violate
商業(yè)秘密Trade Secrets