聚會中人們?yōu)槭裁春染贫剂?xí)慣碰杯

禮節(jié)上在現(xiàn)在當(dāng)一個(gè)人參加一個(gè)大聚會時(shí)不需要和每個(gè)人碰杯。相比較隔個(gè)大桌子(而冒著失去平衡的危險(xiǎn))碰杯而言，還不如舉起酒杯眼神交流感情來得真切。

Claim: The ritual of clinking glasses evolved from efforts to prove that the drinks contained therein were not poisoned。

聲稱：碰杯的儀式起源于確認(rèn)杯中有無毒藥

False

錯(cuò)誤

Q: Why do people clink their glasses before drinking a toast?

Q:為什么喝酒時(shí)要碰杯？

A: It used to be common for someone to try to kill an enemy by offering him a poisoned drink. To prove to a guest that a drink was safe, it became customary for a guest to pour a small amount of his drink into the glass of the host. Both men would drink it simultaneously. When a guest trusted his host, he would then just touch or clink the host's glass with his own。

A：過去常常有人認(rèn)為在酒杯里放毒來謀殺敵人，為了證實(shí)酒是安全的，賓客會把杯中一部分酒倒進(jìn)主人杯中已成為一種習(xí)俗，然后主賓同時(shí)喝下去以證明無毒。當(dāng)賓客信認(rèn)主人時(shí)，兩人就只是碰一下杯子。

Origins: Many explanations have been advanced to explain our custom of clinking glasses when participating in toasts. One is that early Europeans felt the sound helped to drive off evil spirits. Another holds that by clanking the glasses into one another, wine could be sloshed from glass to glass, thereby serving as a proof the beverages had not been poisoned. Yet another claim asserts that the "clink" served as a symbolic acknowledgment of trust among imbibers who did not feel the need to sample each others' drinks to prove them unadulterated。

起源：喝酒碰杯的習(xí)俗有很多種解釋。一種是早期歐洲人認(rèn)為碰杯的聲音可以驅(qū)逐惡靈。另一種解釋堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為碰杯時(shí)雙方各將自己的酒向?qū)Ψ降木票袃A注一些，從而證明酒中無毒。然而還有另一種則認(rèn)為：碰杯是一種象征性的相信酒是干凈的，不需證明有沒有放毒。

Each of those explanations is false. While making a racket for the purpose of scaring off evil spirits underpins other customs that carry over to this day (e.g., the tolling of church bells at weddings, and the loud shouts and noisemaking at the stroke of twelve on New Year's Eve)， the "clink" is a relatively new aspect of toasting and, as such, came along well after folks had relinquished the notion that demons both lurked in every corner of typical day-to-day existence and could be sped on their way by a bit of noise. As for sloshing wine from one glass to another, drinking vessels would need to be filled to the brim to effect that, and if they were, such practice would waste valuable potables (because some would be sure to land on the floor) and likely douse the toasters too. And while the poisoning of enemies has long been part of the ordinary mayhem of the world, the practice of touching of one's filled glass to those of others when participating in a toast is unrelated to suspicion of the wine's having been tampered with; such killings were not so common at any nebulous point in the past that a signal to one's host indicating he was clear of suspicion of attempted murder needed to be enshrined in the canon of social gestures。

以上那些觀點(diǎn)都是錯(cuò)誤的。雖然碰杯驅(qū)邪說法衍生出了很多習(xí)俗并沿用至今(例如婚禮上教堂的鐘聲、大聲喊叫還有除夕夜正點(diǎn)的狂歡。)，但碰杯是祝酒中相對較新的一環(huán)，是人們不再相信惡靈存在于我們生活中的每個(gè)角落這一觀念之后才產(chǎn)生的。其實(shí)人們只是為了要一些熱鬧而已。至于碰杯使酒從一方流到另一方，那么酒器是需要盛滿酒的，如果盛滿了，那這樣就會浪費(fèi)昂貴的飲料(因?yàn)榭隙〞芯茷⒌降厣先?還有可能潑到食物上。雖然毒死敵人世界上以前的確被用過，但喝酒時(shí)把酒倒進(jìn)另一個(gè)人的酒杯里，無端地猜疑無辜的人是不合理的。更何況在過去這種殺人方式并不常用，因?yàn)檫@意味著主人的社會地位會因涉嫌企圖謀殺而發(fā)生動(dòng)搖。

To get at the real reason for the clink of glass on glass, we have to first look at why and how we toast, and where the practice originated。

那么要找到喝酒碰杯的真正原因，我們首先應(yīng)該了解的是我們?yōu)槭裁春染?？怎么喝酒？并會在什么樣的情況下碰杯？

The custom of sealing with booze expressions of good wishes for the health of others dates back so far that its origins are now lost to us, yet in numerous cultures such acts of camaraderie often involved shared drinking vessels. The clinking of individual cups or glasses as a proof of trust wouldn't have meant much when everyone drank from the same bowl. Indeed, in those cultures where shared drinking containers was the norm, to produce one's own vessel in such company was to communicate an unmistakable message of hostility and distrust; it would have been regarded as akin to bringing along a food taster to sample the repast。

我們很難找到喝酒狂歡表達(dá)良好祝愿如身體健康等的起源。然而在眾多中，朋友之間的行為會經(jīng)常涉及到祝酒，每個(gè)人從同一個(gè)碗里喝酒，那么碰杯就不再是信任彼此的證明。實(shí)際上，在這樣一種文化里，公用同一個(gè)酒器成為一種規(guī)則，單獨(dú)用你自己的酒杯會帶來敵對和不信任的誤解信息，這將被認(rèn)為同做餐后的食物品嘗家的品嘗行為來防毒相類似。

"Toasting," our term for the pronouncement of benedictions followed by a swallowing of alcohol, is believed to have taken its name from a practice involving a shared drinking vessel. Floated in the "loving cup" passed among celebrants in Britain was a piece of (spiced) cooked bread that the host would consume along with the last few drops of liquid after the cup had made one round of the company. In modern times toasting has become a matter of imbibing from individual drinking vessels rather than from one shared flagon, so to compensate for the sense of unity lost in doing away with the sharing of the same cup we have evolved the practice of simultaneously drinking each from our own glass when a toast is made, thereby maintaining a communal connection to the kind words being spoken。

“干杯”，我們喝酒后緊隨祝福的一句，名字來源被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)涉及公用的酒杯的行為。英國神父流傳來的流動(dòng)的“愛情杯”是主人當(dāng)酒杯走過一輪后在一塊烹制的面包滴幾滴酒吃掉的?，F(xiàn)在祝酒，不再公用一個(gè)酒杯，而是用自己的杯子。為了彌補(bǔ)群體脫離感，拋棄了公用酒杯，我們開始用自個(gè)的杯子，因此祝酒才產(chǎn)生了。因此一種靠說友好祝福維系關(guān)系的方式產(chǎn)生了。

The clinking of glasses has been added to the practice of offering toasts for a few reasons, none having anything to do with poison. Prior to such augmentation, toasts pleased only four of the five senses; by adding the "clink," a pleasant sound was made part of the experience, and wine glasses have come to be prized not only for their appearance but also for the tones they produce when struck. Yet beyond mere aural pleasure, the act of touching your glass to that of others is a way of emphasizing that you are part of the good wishes being expressed, that you are making a physical connection to the toast. The practice also serves another purpose, that of uniting the individuals taking part in the benediction into a cohesive group: as the wine glasses are brought together, so symbolically are the people holding them. On a deeper level, the wine is also being recommuned with itself — that which had been one (when it had been in its own bottle) but was separated (when it was poured into a variety of glasses) is brought back into contact with the whole of itself, if only for a moment。

碰杯因一些原因也被加進(jìn)祝酒的行列，和毒藥沒有一絲關(guān)系。增加了這些，祝酒使氣氛好了五分之四。通過加碰杯這一環(huán)節(jié)，一種悅耳的聲音成為祝酒的一部分。并且不僅僅贊美杯的出現(xiàn)還贊美酒杯碰撞時(shí)發(fā)出的響聲。然而除了聽覺享受外，有人和你碰杯也是一種友好祝福的暗示。你通過祝酒與人發(fā)生了接觸。碰杯還有另一個(gè)意圖，就是通過人與人的祝酒使之參加到一個(gè)有關(guān)聯(lián)的大集體。當(dāng)酒杯碰在一起的時(shí)候，人們也象征性地“擁抱”了。深層次的說，人也是(當(dāng)用自己的杯子喝酒時(shí))在一起的，(當(dāng)酒在一起時(shí))人其實(shí)是分開的，從某種意義上說，酒有了人回歸一個(gè)完整的聯(lián)系的含義。

Etiquette mavens say one need not clink glasses with everyone present when participating in toasts among large assemblies. Rather than reach across vast expanses of wide tables (thereby risking losing your balance and ending up in the guacamole)， simply raise your glass and make eye contact with the group。深圳翻譯   深圳翻譯公司  深圳翻譯公司報(bào)價(jià)  翻譯公司    深圳專業(yè)翻譯  專業(yè)翻譯公司   專業(yè)翻譯服務(wù)  深圳翻譯服務(wù)